PREVALENCE OF TWO VARIANTS OF MANDIBULAR SECOND PREMOLAR AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTER OF NEPAL

Abstract

Background: Mandibular second premolar has two different types depending on the number of cusp present and each type has different groove patterns. There is difference in opinion regarding the influence on ethnicity in tooth morphology. This study aimed to determine the frequency of different type traits of mandibular second premolar in Nepalese population.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kavre from December 2022 to February 2023. A total of 418 participants were included in the study. Mandibular second premolars of both right and left sides were examined and number of cusps and groove patterns were noted. The data were entered in Microsoft Excel Sheet and descriptive statistical analysis were done using SPSS version 23.

Results: The frequency of two cusp type and three cusps type mandibular second premolar was noted to be 67% and 33% respectively. The predominant groove pattern in two cusp variant was H type in both males (32.8%) and females (38.1%). All the three-cusp variant showed Y shape groove in both males and females.

Conclusions: The frequency of different types of mandibular second premolar varies depending upon the population. Two cusps type mandibular second premolar with H shape occlusal groove is more common than three cusp type in Nepalese subjects.