Disposition and distribution of root canal treatment among patients visiting a tertiary care centre

Abstract

Background: Pulp infection is a common sequel of dental caries leading to pulp necrosis and peri-radicular diseases. Patients present with pain, sensitivity, swelling or fracture of the tooth structure disturbing daily activities. With increasing awareness, more people wish to preserve their teeth. Root canal treatment (RCT) can save teeth by retaining aesthetics and function. This study was conducted to find out the pattern and indication of RCT.

Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study included patients who underwent RCT from 15 Jan 2024 to 15 Jul 2024 at Patan Hospital, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Nepal. Ethical approval was obtained. Two endodontists took a detailed history, clinical examination, sensibility tests and interpreted radiographs for endodontic diagnosis and treatment plan. Patients with retained deciduous teeth, and grossly decayed root stumps were excluded. The demographic and clinical data were descriptively analysed using Excel and SPSS 22.

Result: Out of 427 patients who had RCT, females were 249(58.3%). The age group of 16-40 years, 186(43.6%) was the predominant population undergoing RCT.  The indication of maxillary teeth, 219(51.3%) and mandibular teeth 208(48.7%) for RCT were quite comparable. The first molars were the commonly treated tooth with the right mandibular first molar having the highest frequency, 57(13.3%). The most common endodontic diagnosis was symptomatic irreversible pulpitis, symptomatic apical periodontitis 176(41.2%).

Conclusion: Commonly younger population of the age group 16-40 years and females underwent root canal treatment for symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and symptomatic apical periodontitis.